True Progress

So much for the problems- what are some of the solutions?

A number of options exist or are being developed on the alternative energy front. Purely from an energy standpoint, renewable sources are more than capable of providing our energy needs; the issue at this point is refining our alternative energy technologies to the point where we can harness a significant fraction of that energy. Solar irradiance (the amount of solar energy that reaches the surface) is about 145 watts per square meter; when you take into account atmospheric variables, the usable amount of solar energy received for locations in the USA ranges from 4 to 7 kilowatt-hours per square meter per day for a flat-plate solar array. At the present, the maximum efficiency for solar power systems of any type is about 40%, though there are some technologies that promise even higher efficiencies. At 40%, that translates to 1.6 to 2.8 kilowatt-hours per square meter per day. Read the rest of this entry »

Thomas Malthus, an English economist of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, is famous for prophesying doom in the form of excessive population growth and the resultant crash that would follow; though he’s been dead for the better part of two centuries, his ideas still inform a number of prominent figures to this day.  Originally, his premise was that population growth would place stresses on a finite food supply, causing multitudes to starve. While his particulars may be off, resource shortages, real and imagined, are definitely a concern at the moment, freshwater and fossil fuels being two of the most prominent. Where, exactly, do we stand in relation to catastrophic resource shortages, and what can be done about it? Read the rest of this entry »

Sustainability has become a buzzword- it’s used in reference to energy policy, abiotic natural resources, and cultural practices. It’s also being used in reference to agricultural practices. Though we’ve improved on crop yields through modern farming methods, there are still ways in which we can increase our efficiencies while simultaneously providing a place for nature to thrive. Read the rest of this entry »

So, what happens when the very actions that we each individually take to improve our lives in the end cause detrimental consequences to all of us? The sage might say that the road to hell is paved with good intentions, and she might be right. But, does it have to be that way? Are we doomed to one step forward and one step back? Can we anticipate the things that might go wrong? And, how important is the collective good when compared to personal freedom? Read the rest of this entry »

Some would say progress is continually achieving a higher and higher level of capability as individuals and collectively as a society. For example, we can buy improved cell phones, computers, and automobiles each year. Others would say that progress involves reaching a state of balance such that we are not destroying any nonrenewable resources and not using any more renewable resources than we produce. But, perhaps either of those cannot be achieved consistently without the other.

Recently, an initiative launched in Japan seeks to
increase the average lifespan of homes to 200 years. That would conserve resources as fewer home building materials would be needed over the long term. Homes would serve several generations before replacement and include flexibility in arrangement to meet the needs of a variety of families.

Read the rest of this entry »

And, I mean way off…

Picture yourself in a small tropical village a few hundred miles south of the Sahara Desert. About 800 people live there. You are probably related in one way or another to most of them, but you don’t really know how exactly, beyond your own close-knit extended family. There is no electricity, no running water, no telephone.

During 6 months of the year when thundershowers pass over most afternoons, you work hard in your small fields taking care of cassava, corn, peppers, eggplant, okra, tomatoes, and rice, and look after your 9 goats. During another 2 months in the dry dusty season you have work to do tending your small orchard of mango, papaya, cashew, and orange trees. You are good at what you do, providing almost all the basic food you need, and have a surplus of almost 20% in products you can sell for cash. This covers the costs in supplies and uniforms to send you son and daughter to primary school. Read the rest of this entry »

In Search of The Best Answer, Not a Better Answer

Whenever there is a major man-made disaster or some kind of accident, responsible officials usually convene a team that conducts an investigation. The results of that investigation will usually identify a “root cause” and several “contributing causes”. If it was a plane crash, the team will probably present the root cause as either pilot error or some kind of maintenance error. But, if you really want to find out what caused the problem and how to fix it, look at the “contributing causes”. Those are the keys to not experiencing that event in the future. Read the rest of this entry »

One small step forward…

While I was serving as a teacher in the small town of Kankalabé (population: ~5000), Guinea in West Africa, the European Union financed a project to install a running water system in that town. The project, of limited benefit, was soon sabotaged and has since been nothing but a monument to unrealized progress. The rationale of the planners and managers, I cannot verify, but I will describe observations from the level of the townspeople during my time there. Read the rest of this entry »

Is this for them or for us?

A couple years ago, I was advising a group of undergraduate engineering students from Rice University on a project they were pursuing for Engineers Without Borders. They were designing a rainwater catchment and drip irrigation system for a village in Mali, West Africa. Having heard about their project and having experience in that part of the world, I offered to help and provide what guidance I could. Read the rest of this entry »