development

Mass Philanthropy and World Development

Wednesday, February 2nd, 2011

Recently, an article by British academic Toby Ord advocated large annual payments by western-world middle class individuals as way to achieve similar philanthropy to wealthy individuals. This is easily possible for most if not all two-professional families even in the United States which lacks the social security programs of Mr. Ord’s UK.

Recently, an article by British academic Toby Ord advocated large annual payments by western-world middle class individuals as way to achieve similar philanthropy to wealthy individuals. This is easily possible for most if not all two-professional families even in the United States which lacks the social security programs of Mr. Ord’s UK. Read the rest of this entry »

February 2nd, 2011 development     By Jeremy Gernand

On the River in Bangladesh

Sunday, June 14th, 2009

Seeing as most of Bangladesh is a river delta, much of the romantic and nostalgic images that Bangladeshis have about their own country are associated in some way with the river or water in general. Fish and rice are considered the traditional foods. Canals and ponds for irrigation, transportation, and drainage of flood waters are [...]

Seeing as most of Bangladesh is a river delta, much of the romantic and nostalgic images that Bangladeshis have about their own country are associated in some way with the river or water in general.

Fish and rice are considered the traditional foods. Canals and ponds for irrigation, transportation, and drainage of flood waters are everywhere. The least expensive way to travel from town to town is still by ferries going up and down the major rivers waterways. The smallest fishing boats are still row boats. Sails used to power the larger and heavier boats, although they are almost totally gone now, replaced by gasoline or diesel engines. Traditional folk songs in Bangladesh often speak of fish and boats and life on or near the river.

Recently, as part of my job, I had the opportunity to travel on a boat up the river to another village outside of our project area and visit a few sites along the way. You might find some of these pictures interesting.

This is a mobile hospital boat visiting a village along the river. A few of these are around in different places in Bangladesh, and as you can probably imagine, are more useful during floods and and other disasters when reaching people in need of care is difficult.

Re-boarding our boat after a visit to a “char”, an island in the middle of the river that is constantly being eroded and shifted by the river’s movement and floods.

These nets are common all around Bangladesh, even in ponds and canals far from the rivers. They include a net and a long bamboo lever system for moving the net around, either placing it on the bottom and raising it up, or pulling it through the water to catch seafood. Often, they are fishing for minnows and other small fish that they will eat in a spicy curry sauce (extremely nutritious, but not exactly my thing). But, they can also use them to catch larger fish and other tasty things crawling along the bottom.

This is a small traditional fishing boat used on the rivers of Bangladesh.

Our ship had a young capitan, but luckily the chief accountant for our project could help him steer the boat out of the dock.

At a stop along the side of a river, we walked a short distance to visit a flood shelter, passing through this jute field along the way. Jute is a plant grown for its fiber, which is often used in rope and carpets (like hemp). You can also eat the leaves like mustard greens when it is young and tender.

This is a larger boat, similar to the one that we were riding, but used for cargo. In this case, it is carrying a load of straw (dried rice stalks) used as animal feed.

This is a picture of a village along the side of the river, with their fruit trees, crops, fishing boats, and hay piles for their animals all visible.

June 14th, 2009 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Bangladeshi Consumers Have to be Sharp

Sunday, June 14th, 2009

I’ve been meaning to put this on the blog for a while just because I think it is so funny (and scary), sort of like those dumb horror movies. I wanted something to keep in my office to heat up water to make tea or instant coffee (the only kind of coffee you can buy [...]

I’ve been meaning to put this on the blog for a while just because I think it is so funny (and scary), sort of like those dumb horror movies.

I wanted something to keep in my office to heat up water to make tea or instant coffee (the only kind of coffee you can buy outside of the big cities). So, I found this nifty gadget in a shop in the market of Gaibandha. It works great and does just what I wanted it to do, which is heat a small amount of water quickly. How it does that trick is the interesting part.

As you can see in this next picture, the whole contraption is basically just a plug that goes into a power socket, and two bare electrodes that stretch into the water. That means that it is just running an electric current right through the water in order to heat it up. If you were to touch the water while it was doing this, in addition to getting a burn from the boiling water, you would also get electrocuted. And, not even a warning sticker on that thing… [there was a small note on the box, now thrown away, that users should not touch the water while heating].

[For Engineers Only] If you notice, there is also a different in the corrosion between the two electrodes. I could ask you which is the anode and which is the cathode as there is obviously some difference in oxidation and deposition going on between the two, but it is a 220V AC line, so what it really means is that there is a DC bias in the power supply, and that I normally plug in the heater in the same way each time. Oh, and yes you can clearly see the hydrogen and oxygen bubbles from the electrolysis of the water when you first plug it in, before it gets hot enough for the steam bubbles to obscure everything else. It is also funny to think that this thing won’t work with distilled water as it is an insulator (unless you leave it sitting there long enough for some iron ions to work their way into it), luckily for this thing, the water in Gaibandha is loaded with iron and other minerals.

Then, it gets even funnier. The “Lipton” logo label is not real, the company that made it, Dhaka Plastic, is not associated with the Lipton tea company at all, they just put that on there so people think about having tea and needing this little contraption. How many more water heaters they sell because of that I don’t know.

So, you can get all kinds of things here, even stuff that would be outlawed in the U.S., meaning that you can make good use of your money, if you are also smart enough to not get killed by the things you buy.

June 14th, 2009 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Stories from Peace Corps Guinea, 1998-2000

Tuesday, December 2nd, 2008

The following posts describe some of my experiences from service with the U.S. Peace Corps in Guinea, West Africa as a Math and Physics Teacher during the period 1998-2000. This summary article is updated as related content is added. Part 1: Deciding to join Part 2: Training in Senegal Part 3: Beginning of my service [...]

The following posts describe some of my experiences from service with the U.S. Peace Corps in Guinea, West Africa as a Math and Physics Teacher during the period 1998-2000. This summary article is updated as related content is added.

Part 1: Deciding to join

Part 2: Training in Senegal

Part 3: Beginning of my service

Part 4: Teaching experiences

Part 5: Life in Guinea

Part 6: Connecting with home

Part 7: Adventure and tragedy

You'll actually look forward to your morning commute. Life is calling. How far will you go? Learn more about the Peace Corps

December 2nd, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Life in the Peace Corps, Part 7, Adventure and Tragedy

Thursday, July 24th, 2008

One of the benefits to service in the Peace Corps is that you find yourself during your service in a region of the world that you probably would not have visited otherwise with the opportunity and some time to take advantage of those adventures all around.

One of the benefits to service in the Peace Corps is that you find yourself during your service in a region of the world that you probably would not have visited otherwise with the opportunity and some time to take advantage of those adventures all around. Read the rest of this entry »

July 24th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Life in the Peace Corps, Part 6, Connecting with Home

Thursday, July 10th, 2008

Of the three main missions of the Peace Corps, two of them relate to cultural exchange: one in showing people who might not have otherwise come into contact with an American a real face that they can relate to, and the other being bringing a part of a foreign culture back to Americans that might [...]

Of the three main missions of the Peace Corps, two of them relate to cultural exchange: one in showing people who might not have otherwise come into contact with an American a real face that they can relate to, and the other being bringing a part of a foreign culture back to Americans that might not otherwise have traveled to that place. Just the fact that these mission statements exist points to one thing–that these are not simple tasks to accomplish. In part they happen without effort. But, also, the difficulties with them affect volunteers whether they are actively pursuing these activities or not, even to the point of affecting relationships with friends and family back home. Read the rest of this entry »

July 10th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

8 Books to Explain Development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Monday, July 7th, 2008

It is a common conversation piece among those trying to understand how the world works: how did it come to be that Sub-Saharan Africa is far less developed than the rest of the contemporary world? While there is no one simple answer, there is an answer. One that involves several intertwining threads with some causes [...]

It is a common conversation piece among those trying to understand how the world works: how did it come to be that Sub-Saharan Africa is far less developed than the rest of the contemporary world? While there is no one simple answer, there is an answer. One that involves several intertwining threads with some causes in the past and some existing today. This article points to 8 books that hold many of the keys to reaching an answer to this question, identifying the causes of the situation we see today, and hopefully sow the seeds of change for the future. Read the rest of this entry »

July 7th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Life in the Peace Corps, Part 5, Living

Thursday, July 3rd, 2008

For background, I am describing some of my experiences from the US Peace Corps in Guinea, West Africa. More information on this series is available in the introduction. Many often wonder what it is really like to live as a Peace Corps Volunteer. The fact is it can be a very different experience depending on [...]

For background, I am describing some of my experiences from the US Peace Corps in Guinea, West Africa. More information on this series is available in the introduction.

Many often wonder what it is really like to live as a Peace Corps Volunteer. The fact is it can be a very different experience depending on which country and what position you are posted to. It has also changed significantly from the days in the early 1960s to the present, partly due to worldwide development, and partly due to changes in the Peace Corps methods and objectives. So, while every experience will be different from what I describe, this article will offer one perspective on what it was like for me serving in one place in the nation of Guinea from 1998 to 2000. Read the rest of this entry »

July 3rd, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Life in the Peace Corps, Part 4, Teaching

Friday, June 20th, 2008

For background, I am describing some of my experiences from the US Peace Corps in Guinea, West Africa. More information on this series is available in the introduction. Although, I was one of only two Americans in a small rural school with one class per grade teaching in a foreign language, my experiences in the [...]

For background, I am describing some of my experiences from the US Peace Corps in Guinea, West Africa. More information on this series is available in the introduction.

Although, I was one of only two Americans in a small rural school with one class per grade teaching in a foreign language, my experiences in the beginning were not at all unlike any first time teacher I have spoken with since. A little performance anxiety was common in the first few months, but that gradually gave way to the normal challenges that teaching high school students brings, and a few that were not so normal (at least not to Americans). Read the rest of this entry »

June 20th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Life in the Peace Corps, Part 3, The Beginning

Friday, June 13th, 2008

After completion of our training in Senegal, we traveled to Guinea to see our host country for the first time. As the rains had been late in Senegal, our time there was mostly marked by sand and heat and more of the same. The brilliant green lushness of coastal Guinea having already seen months of [...]

After completion of our training in Senegal, we traveled to Guinea to see our host country for the first time. As the rains had been late in Senegal, our time there was mostly marked by sand and heat and more of the same. The brilliant green lushness of coastal Guinea having already seen months of rain, was a beautiful sight in spite of the humidity. A couple quick weeks of training, and we would finally be on our ways as volunteers at our posts. A healthy dose of nervous excitement permeated this period. Read the rest of this entry »

June 13th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Life in the Peace Corps, Part 2, Training

Friday, June 6th, 2008

On Fridays over the next several weeks, I am describing experiences from my service in the U.S. Peace Corps. An overnight flight from New York’s JFK airport on Air Afrique put us in Dakar, Senegal the next day. In June, when the rains had still not come, Senegal was a very dry and very hot [...]

On Fridays over the next several weeks, I am describing experiences from my service in the U.S. Peace Corps.

An overnight flight from New York’s JFK airport on Air Afrique put us in Dakar, Senegal the next day. In June, when the rains had still not come, Senegal was a very dry and very hot and very sandy place. Peace Corps staff met us just off the plane and we glided through immigration. In the baggage claim area we awaited our lives packed in the two allowed bags to catch up with us and sweated still in a bit of a daze from the long flight and little sleep. We boarded a bus waiting for us that took us to the training center in Thies, a city about an hour’s drive from Dakar. Read the rest of this entry »

June 6th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Development and Official Regulation

Tuesday, June 3rd, 2008

If we consider development to be the general increase in well being of a population, then we have to recognize that there are times when the increase in one type of measure (real income) is countered by the negative action of another type of measure (disease rates). In these cases, government often steps in to [...]

If we consider development to be the general increase in well being of a population, then we have to recognize that there are times when the increase in one type of measure (real income) is countered by the negative action of another type of measure (disease rates). In these cases, government often steps in to regulate the problem. However, there are times when government regulation is necessary and other times when it is ill-advised. How can we tell the difference? Read the rest of this entry »

June 3rd, 2008 development, policy     By Jeremy Gernand

Life in the Peace Corps, Part 1, The Decision

Friday, May 23rd, 2008

For the next several Fridays, I am going to retell some of my experiences from my service in the United States Peace Corps. This is probably not obviously directly related to the aim of True Progress, but I feel that it can be instructive and I believe that the Peace Corps has a specific and [...]

For the next several Fridays, I am going to retell some of my experiences from my service in the United States Peace Corps. This is probably not obviously directly related to the aim of True Progress, but I feel that it can be instructive and I believe that the Peace Corps has a specific and valuable role to play in progress around the world. So, understanding at least one image of how it currently works and could work in the future is valuable both in correctly interpreting some of my ideas and formulating your own on how to use or not use this agency. Read the rest of this entry »

May 23rd, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Education in the Developing World

Monday, May 12th, 2008

Increasing the quality and quantity of education in poor countries is critical and absolutely necessary to their development, but let’s not lose sight of how disruptive a free and generous education can be. Education changes cultures, economies, and governments, and for nations entering that transition period the way must be prepared.

Increasing the quality and quantity of education in poor countries is critical and absolutely necessary to their development, but let’s not lose sight of how disruptive a free and generous education can be. Education changes cultures, economies, and governments, and for nations entering that transition period the way must be prepared. Read the rest of this entry »

May 12th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Defining Sustainable Technology

Friday, May 9th, 2008

Sustainable technology is an idea that may produce a new level of real progress around the world. But often today, the term is more of a marketing badge that may or may not prove to be true when put to the test. I have written before about sustainable technology and some of the problems with [...]

Sustainable technology is an idea that may produce a new level of real progress around the world. But often today, the term is more of a marketing badge that may or may not prove to be true when put to the test. I have written before about sustainable technology and some of the problems with realizing that idea. In this article, let’s consider a set of objectives that we can use to actually measure whether something is sustainable. Read the rest of this entry »

May 9th, 2008 development, policy     By Jeremy Gernand

Review – Guns, Germs, and Steel

Tuesday, April 22nd, 2008

Guns, Germs, and Steel by Jared Diamond is an excellent explanation of why the world is the way it is. Combined with William Easterly’s book reviewed earlier on this site, a reader can finally get his or her hands around the broad historical causes that have produced the world that we live in. This is [...]

Guns, Germs, and Steel by Jared Diamond is an excellent explanation of why the world is the way it is. Combined with William Easterly’s book reviewed earlier on this site, a reader can finally get his or her hands around the broad historical causes that have produced the world that we live in.

This is a broad brush of history and geography to explain the current state of societies in the world today. This is a partial answer to the question of why do some societies have wealth and power and why are others poor and constantly on the verge of a natural or man-made disaster. Read the rest of this entry »

April 22nd, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Durability and Progress

Friday, April 18th, 2008

Some would say progress is continually achieving a higher and higher level of capability as individuals and collectively as a society. For example, we can buy improved cell phones, computers, and automobiles each year. Others would say that progress involves reaching a state of balance such that we are not destroying any nonrenewable resources and [...]

Some would say progress is continually achieving a higher and higher level of capability as individuals and collectively as a society. For example, we can buy improved cell phones, computers, and automobiles each year. Others would say that progress involves reaching a state of balance such that we are not destroying any nonrenewable resources and not using any more renewable resources than we produce. But, perhaps either of those cannot be achieved consistently without the other.

Recently, an initiative launched in Japan seeks to
increase the average lifespan of homes to 200 years.
That would conserve resources as fewer home building materials would be needed over the long term. Homes would serve several generations before replacement and include flexibility in arrangement to meet the needs of a variety of families.

Japanese House

Read the rest of this entry »

April 18th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Development Off the Grid

Wednesday, April 16th, 2008

And, I mean way off… Picture yourself in a small tropical village a few hundred miles south of the Sahara Desert. About 800 people live there. You are probably related in one way or another to most of them, but you don’t really know how exactly, beyond your own close-knit extended family. There is no [...]

And, I mean way off…

Picture yourself in a small tropical village a few hundred miles south of the Sahara Desert. About 800 people live there. You are probably related in one way or another to most of them, but you don’t really know how exactly, beyond your own close-knit extended family. There is no electricity, no running water, no telephone.

During 6 months of the year when thundershowers pass over most afternoons, you work hard in your small fields taking care of cassava, corn, peppers, eggplant, okra, tomatoes, and rice, and look after your 9 goats. During another 2 months in the dry dusty season you have work to do tending your small orchard of mango, papaya, cashew, and orange trees. You are good at what you do, providing almost all the basic food you need, and have a surplus of almost 20% in products you can sell for cash. This covers the costs in supplies and uniforms to send you son and daughter to primary school. Read the rest of this entry »

April 16th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Review – The End of Poverty

Sunday, April 13th, 2008

The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Out Time by Jeffery Sachs, is an optimistic, forceful argument for the economic potential of developing countries and the necessity of increased in aid from rich countries to realize it. Jeffrey Sachs is an accomplished macro-economist, currently at Columbia University, who has experience helping poor countries get on [...]

The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Out Time by Jeffery Sachs, is an optimistic, forceful argument for the economic potential of developing countries and the necessity of increased in aid from rich countries to realize it.

Jeffrey Sachs is an accomplished macro-economist, currently at Columbia University, who has experience helping poor countries get on track to development. While, often described as left-leaning, he makes strong cases in favor of free-trade, market forces, and the role of the private sector in achieving economic development. He does often tout his own success regarding recommendations for economic reforms that enhanced development in impoverished. However, given the overall pessimistic attitude that many have towards real, subtantial economic development in these difficult places, I am not so sure it was out of place. Read the rest of this entry »

April 13th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Review – Development As Freedom

Wednesday, April 9th, 2008

Development as Freedom, by Amartya Sen, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, provides a powerful argument that development and progress cannot be measured on the basis of economic output and consumption alone, that personal freedom is a very important and in some areas predominate variable in determining whether progress has been or will be [...]

Development as Freedom, by Amartya Sen, winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics, provides a powerful argument that development and progress cannot be measured on the basis of economic output and consumption alone, that personal freedom is a very important and in some areas predominate variable in determining whether progress has been or will be made, and in defining what poverty truly is.

Amartya Sen chooses to describe poverty not as a lack of resources, but as a lack of freedoms. Those freedoms include choosing where to live and work, with whom to associate, freedom to choose our leaders and decide the rules we live by, and many others. This key point is useful in that it does not focus solely on maximization of wealth as a way out of poverty. The problem with poverty is not lack of money, but that lack of money means that people are not free to make their own way in life. They may be trapped being at the mercy of nature, an opressive government, or an economy cripled by bad policy. The conclusion therefore, is that money alone cannot fix the real problem. Government reform, economic liberalization, and the general increase of personal freedoms is the true end we are striving for. Increasing incomes is one of several necessary steps to be accomplished and not an end in and of itself. Read the rest of this entry »

April 9th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

The Challenge of Sustaining Sustainable Technology

Monday, April 7th, 2008

One small step forward… While I was serving as a teacher in the small town of Kankalabé (population: ~5000), Guinea in West Africa, the European Union financed a project to install a running water system in that town. The project, of limited benefit, was soon sabotaged and has since been nothing but a monument to [...]

One small step forward…

While I was serving as a teacher in the small town of Kankalabé (population: ~5000), Guinea in West Africa, the European Union financed a project to install a running water system in that town. The project, of limited benefit, was soon sabotaged and has since been nothing but a monument to unrealized progress. The rationale of the planners and managers, I cannot verify, but I will describe observations from the level of the townspeople during my time there. Read the rest of this entry »

April 7th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Week-Long Aid Missions, Charity, and Sustainability

Sunday, April 6th, 2008

Is this for them or for us? A couple years ago, I was advising a group of undergraduate engineering students from Rice University on a project they were pursuing for Engineers Without Borders. They were designing a rainwater catchment and drip irrigation system for a village in Mali, West Africa. Having heard about their project [...]

Is this for them or for us?

A couple years ago, I was advising a group of undergraduate engineering students from Rice University on a project they were pursuing for Engineers Without Borders. They were designing a rainwater catchment and drip irrigation system for a village in Mali, West Africa. Having heard about their project and having experience in that part of the world, I offered to help and provide what guidance I could. Read the rest of this entry »

April 6th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Review – The Elusive Quest for Growth

Saturday, April 5th, 2008

The Elusive Quest for Growth: Economists’ Adventures and Misadventures in the Tropics by William Easterly is an honest answer to part of the question, “why hasn’t the world improved like we thought it would?” Easterly conducts a post-mortem conference on western aid programs since the end of World War II, finding that in many cases [...]

The Elusive Quest for Growth: Economists’ Adventures and Misadventures in the Tropics by William Easterly is an honest answer to part of the question, “why hasn’t the world improved like we thought it would?” Easterly conducts a post-mortem conference on western aid programs since the end of World War II, finding that in many cases we should have known better. The incentives created by some nations’ economic environment, or the aid programs themselves led national economies into periods of stagnant or negative growth. Easterly’s mantra is “people respond to incentives.” Ignoring this truth, a central tenet of economics, has led to several irrational choices in the area of development aid, and many failures to achieve our objectives. Read the rest of this entry »

April 5th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Appropriate Technology and Development

Friday, April 4th, 2008

Please, That’s Not Appropriate Here… Appropriate Technology, a somewhat condescending (from the receivers point of view) title for a movement that arose in the 1970s, focuses on providing an improved intermediate step on the technology staircase between developing and industrialized countries. While some of these ideas have been expressed for many decades (see The Ugly [...]

Please, That’s Not Appropriate Here…

Appropriate Technology, a somewhat condescending (from the receivers point of view) title for a movement that arose in the 1970s, focuses on providing an improved intermediate step on the technology staircase between developing and industrialized countries. While some of these ideas have been expressed for many decades (see The Ugly American by William Lederer and Eugene Burdick), the success of the movement has not been universal. Skeptics claim that while the ideas have merit in reducing the destruction of natural resources and improving living conditions with minimal outside investment, the entire idea typically fails to take into account the economic aspects of technology transfer and development. Read the rest of this entry »

April 4th, 2008 development     By Jeremy Gernand

Welcome to True Progress

Thursday, April 3rd, 2008

Onwards and Upwards Do we know what we are doing? Maybe the right question is do we ever know what we are doing? What are the true consequences of our actions today and tomorrow and hundreds of years from now? Are we responsible for those consequences or should we never be concerned with them? I [...]

Onwards and Upwards

Do we know what we are doing? Maybe the right question is do we ever know what we are doing? What are the true consequences of our actions today and tomorrow and hundreds of years from now? Are we responsible for those consequences or should we never be concerned with them?

I believe that too often we accept not having the answers that we could have. We have chosen not to know whether our ways of “helping” each other really turn out to be help in the end. We have chosen to push the solutions to problems we have today off into the realm of tomorrow. While some of that may be rational (I am fairly certain that my computer will be faster in 5 years), not all of it is. Read the rest of this entry »

April 3rd, 2008 analysis, development, policy     By Jeremy Gernand

True Progress is Looking for Writers

Thursday, January 17th, 2008

True-Progress.com is looking for writers to contribute to the mission of finding enduring solutions. If you or someone you know would like the opportunity to regularly publish articles on this site, please see the details here.

True-Progress.com is looking for writers to contribute to the mission of finding enduring solutions. If you or someone you know would like the opportunity to regularly publish articles on this site, please see the details here. Read the rest of this entry »

January 17th, 2008 analysis, development, innovations, policy, risk     By Jeremy Gernand




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